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PROVERBS AND RIDDLE Objectives of the Study Students are expected able to know, understand, and use proverbs in their spoken and written com...

PROVERBS AND RIDDLE

Objectives of the Study

Students are expected able to know, understand, and use proverbs in their spoken and written communication.

Learn about it!

Dr. Bougher knows a lot about the forest. In the clip, he spent a lot of time describing where things are.


On our left here, we have a very good example of the jarrah forest, the famous jarrah forest of Western Australia.

And on our right here, we have the contrast, which is the mined area, and on this area we can see that rehabilitation has occurred about three years ago.  This is world’s best practice.

Our jarrah forest is our reference point, it’s our library of information, this is our baseline, this is what we had before we mined.  I think some of the outward signs are showing us that it’s quite healthy.


The proof in the pudding is not you and I sitting here today, but the proof of the pudding might be in ten year’s time, twenty year’s time – whether this forest is flourishing for our children and grandchildren.

So far so good.

The speaker said “The proof in the pudding” it is a proverb. Proverbs usually use in informal language. Its are not obvious meaning, we can understand by memorizing them.

The proof in the pudding. Pudding is kind of food, we know its delicious or not by tasted them.  So “The proof in the puddingIt’s means that you can only judge the quality of something after it has been tested or
experienced over time.


What are proverbs?
Proverbs is a collection of wise sayings that offer advice about how to live your life. In line with this definition, according to www. pelajarelit.blogspot.com, proverbs are a verse or collection of words having a fixed arrangement containing certain definitions and gives positive suggestions. 

How can you use proverbs to learn English?
It's good to know the really common English proverbs because you hear them come up in conversation all the time. Sometimes people say the entire proverb to give advice to a friend. More often, someone will say just part of a proverb like this:
You know what they say: when the going gets tough...


SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF PROVERB

  • Proverb have a function to teaching, enlightening, and persuading people. Proverbs play many roles in society. The most common role is to educate on what might happen if they do something. A proverb contains wisdom, truth, morals, and traditional views.
  • Proverb has been and remains a most powerful and effective instrument for the transmission of culture, social morality, manner, and ideas of a people from one generation to another. The proverbs deal with knowledge, experience, hard work, and human relations.
  • Proverb and proverbial sayings have for centuries been equally popular with all nations, despite their regional diversities, and clearly, for the impact the have made.
  • Proverb can be used to tech people, give them some advice, help in difficult situations, show people what the most important thins in life, and show the proper way in life.
  • Proverbs are very often used in personal interaction.
  • Proverb can also be used mock someone or criticize.

STRUCTURE OF PROVERBS


Proverbs often from clusters that share a common structure.
– Opposite parallel
– Similiar parallel
– Single statement
– Statement with an explanation
– Comparison
– Descriptive list
– Use of clause or instruction

language feature of proverbs

Proverbs use figurative language, we have analyzed what is the literal meaning in it.


some example OF PROVERBS


The most important English Proverbs
This is a list of some of the most important and well-known English proverbs. Below each one, there's a simple explanation.
The meanings of some of these phrases have shifted over the years so a proverb might have originally had a different meaning than the one I explain.
a different meaning than the one I explain.

1.         "Two wrongs don't make a right." When someone has done something bad to you, trying to get revenge will only make things worse.

2.         "The pen is mightier than the sword." Trying to convince people with ideas and words is more effective than trying to force people to do what you want.

3.         "When in Rome, do as the Romans." Act the way that the people around you are acting. This phrase might come in handy when you're traveling abroad notice that people do things differently than you're used to.

4.         "The squeaky wheel gets the grease." You can get better service if you complain about something. If you wait patiently, no one's going to help you.

5.         "When the going gets tough, the tough get going." Strong people don't give up when they come across challenges. They just work harder.

6.         "No man is an island." You can't live completely independently. Everyone needs help from other people.

7.         "Fortune favors the bold." People who bravely go after what they want are more successful than people who try to live safely.

8.         "People who live in glass houses should not throw stones." Don't criticize other people if you're not perfect yourself.

9.         "Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst." Bad things might happen, so be prepared.

10.      "Better late than never." It's best to do something on time. But if you can't do it on time, do it late.

11.      "Birds of a feather flock together." People like to spend time with others who are similar to them.

12.      "Keep your friends close and your enemies closer." If you have an enemy, pretend to be friends with them instead of openly fighting with them. That way you can watch them carefully and figure out what they're planning.

13.      "A picture is worth a thousand words." Pictures convey emotions and messages better than written or spoken explanations. That's why Phrase-Mix has illustrations :)

14.      "There's no such thing as a free lunch." Things that are offered for free always have a hidden cost.

15.      "There's no place like home." Your own home is the most comfortable place to be.

16.      "Discretion is the greater part of valor." Sometimes it's important to know when to give up and run away, instead of always acting brave and maybe getting hurt.

17.      "The early bird catches the worm." You should wake up and start work early if you want to succeed.

18.      "Never look a gift horse in the mouth." If someone offers you a gift, don't question it.

19.      "You can't make an omelet without breaking a few eggs." When you try to do something great, you'll probably make a few people annoyed or angry. Don't worry about those people; just focus on the good results.

20.      "God helps those who help themselves." Don't just wait for good things to happen to you. Work hard to achieve your goals.

21.      "You can't always get what you want." Don't whine and complain if you don't get what you wanted.

22.      "Cleanliness is next to godliness." Be clean. God likes that.

23.      "A watched pot never boils." If something takes time to finish, don't watch it too closely because it will seem like it's taking forever.

24.      "Beggars can't be choosers." If you're asking for a favor from someone else, you have to take whatever they give you.


RIDDLE

A riddle is a type of poetry that describes something without actually naming what it is, leaving the reader to guess. It is a light hearted type of poetry which involves the reader. Riddles can be about anything, from riddles about animals to riddle about objects. There are no rules on how to structure a riddle poem, a riddle can be funny or it can rhyme, it depends on the person writing the riddle.

Example :

1. It’s an animal. It’s an orange black. It has stripes. It has four paws. It lives in the jungle. What is it? It is a tiger.
2. I have three eyes, all in a row. When the red one opens, all freeze. I am traffic light.
3. Example of Rhyming Riddle
I come in different style.
I can help you walk for miles.
Come in pair
I’m something what you wear
With heels I’m glam
Can you guest what I am?
I am a shoes.


SOCIAL FUNCTION OF RIDDLE

A riddle is a statement, question, or phrase that has a double meaning. It is an amusing game for children and adults. Today riddle aren’t used as much as they were in ancient times, but they remain a definite way to get your mind working.
  • When someone uses a riddle, it can be a thought provoking challenge to figure it out on your own, or it can be a funny comment that makes you laugh. Riddles can be great brain busters or conversation starters to get you think. Riddle games have been played since times, and are still being played today.
  • Riddles have significant roles. They include roles that may be described as cultural, educative, intellectual, ideological, cosmological, and political. Riddles teach logic about the social and cultural environment, social norms, history, biology, and much more.
  • Riddles can help in memory training for children as they are expected and encourage to remember the correct answers to the riddles. Riddles also can help to introduce a variety of vocabulary. They also provide opportunities to play phonetic, morphological, grammatical, and semantic games as they exhibit a variety of linguistic expressions and structures.
In conclusion, riddles have a role in the education of communities and in the development of analytical thinking lies the fact that the answer to the riddle is already known to the audience.

STRUCTURE OF RIDDLE

Riddle have no form set. Riddles can be a question with a quick witty answer. They can be just a sentence that makes you have a sudden realization. We can also create riddles from words that rhythm with a word in a riddle’s answer, other word and phrases that use the funny part of an answer.

CHARACTERISTIC OF RIDDLE

A riddle is a verbal puzzle, an enigmatic statement, description, or question posed by one person to another, or to a group, who have to guess the answer. We use the term loosely for more than one kind of puzzle. However, the riddle proper relies on imagery for its effects; often quite poetic imagery. Some riddles use pronoun “i” even though the word that should be guessed is a thing. For example : “If you have me, you won’t to share me. If you share me, you haven’t got me. What am i?” The answer is “a secret”.

Key Points

Learning proverbs can also help you to understand the way that people in English-speaking cultures think about the world.
Proverbs can also give you good example sentences that you can memorize and use as models for building your own sentences.
Proverbs usually use in informal language. Its are not obvious meaning, we can understand by memorizing them.
A riddle is a type of poetry that describes something which needs to be guessed by other people. It can be anything that involves readers. Riddle does not have a specific structure. It can be in the form of statements, questions, or phrases, and it can rhyme. A riddle can be funny and challenging.


REPORT TEXT OBJECTIVES OF STUDY Responding to the meaning and generic structure in written essay fluently and accurately in daily life conte...

REPORT TEXT

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

Responding to the meaning and generic structure in written essay fluently and accurately in daily life context and to access science in a text form: report

LEARN ABOUT IT

What is Report?

1.      Definition of Report
The report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis
2.      Generic Structure of Report
1.      General classification: Stating classification of the general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2.      Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part, customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials
3.      Language Feature of Report
         Introducing group or general aspect
         Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
         Using simple present tense
4.      Examples and structures of the text

Example of Report Text
A.     Platypus; a report text
Many people call platypus duckbill because this animal has a bill like a duckbill. Platypus is a native Tasmania and southern and eastern Australia.
The platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45 cm and covered with a thick, and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud. Platypus' eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has the ability to sense sound and light.
Platypus lives in streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders and flooding. On the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.

Analyzing on the Text
Generic Structure analysis
General classification; stating general classification, the animal of platypus.
Description; describing in detail characterization of platypus' body and habitual life
Language Feature Analysis
Focusing in group; the animal of platypus
conditional, logical connective; but, in the other hand
Simple present tense pattern; Platypus lives in streams, male platypus does not need any burrow, etc

Small Notes

Report

Ciri Umum:
(a)   Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:
Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala-gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah teks report dapat berupa simpulan umum, misalnya, ikan paus termasuk binatang mamalia karena ikan tersebut melahirkan anaknya.
(b)   Struktur Teks/Generic structure
ü  General Clasification; Pernyataan umum yang menerangkan subjek laporan, keterangan, dan klasifikasinya.
ü  Description:tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or behaviors; Gambaran dari fenomena yang akan didiskusikan seperti bagian – bagiannya, kebiasaan atau tingkah laku jika benda hidup, kegunaannya jika non natural.
(c)   Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan:
·         general nouns, seperti ‘Reptiles in Comodo Insland’, dsb.
·         relating verbs untuk menjelaskan ciri, misalnya reptiles are scaly animals (ciri ini berlaku untuk semua reptilia), dsb.
·         action verbs dalam mejelaskan perilaku, misalnya lizards cannot fly, dsb.
·         present tense untuk menyatakan suatu yang umum, misalnya Komodo dragons usually weight more than 160 kg, dsb.
·         istilah teknis, misalnya water contains oxygen and hydrogen, dsb.
·         paragraf dengan topik sentence untuk menyusun sejumlah informasi.

KEY POINTS

  • The social function of a report text is to report, classify, or describe the way things are.
  • The difference between this text and descriptive text is that report text only consists of facts while in a descriptive text you might also find the writer’s opinion.

How to Write A Narrative Text: Sad Stories see: Understanding Narrative : Myth or Legend Learning Objectives Expressing meaning and gener...

How to Write A Narrative Text: Sad Stories

see: Understanding Narrative : Myth or Legend




Learning Objectives

Expressing meaning and generic structure in an essay by using written text accurately and fluently in daily life context in a text form: Narrative. In this lesson, you will learn more about narrative text and you will learn how to write a narrative text.

Lesson

How to Write A Narrative Text: Sad Stories

Do you like reading stories? What kind of stories do you like? There are a lot of types of stories. There are drama, romance, mystery, comedy, etc. At school, you might call this kind of story as narrative text. Narrative basically means spoken or written story. A narrative text is a written story which happened in the past.The story is often fictional. It doesn’t always tell about human beings. There are also narrative stories about animals, fairies, and other creatures.

        Narrative text has a purpose to entertain or to amuse the readers which means a narrative should be entertaining or amusing. This means, writing a narrative is not as easy as reading it. There are some things that make a narrative text different from other genres. Before you learn how to write a narrative text, read the following story.

Read

The Lonely Rabbit

Once upon a time, there lived a rabbit in a forest. He liked running around the meadow, but he was always alone. He looked for a friend, but he never found any other rabbit. He only had a parrot which came flying around the meadow once a day. He always thought of leaving the place he was living so that he could meet other animals, but he was too afraid of what was out there.

        One day, the parrot sat on a branch of a tree while the rabbit sat under it. “It must be fun to be able to fly.” said the rabbit to the parrot. “Yes, it is. I can meet other birds and other animals, too.” said the parrot. “Aren’t you scared?” asked the rabbit.

“No, I am not. I can look everything from above.”The parrot answered.

The rabbit said, “Please teach me how to fly. I am all alone here. I want to see other rabbits.”

        The parrot advised him to stay on the ground. The rabbit could not fly because he did not have wings. Nevertheless, the rabbit did not listen. He climbed the tree. “What are you doing?” asked the parrot “You will fall." The rabbit jumped off the tree hoping he could fly. Sadly, he instantly fell down and injured himself. The parrot took him to the rabbit’s place. The rabbit was very sad. Since then, he could not run around the meadow anymore. The rabbit regretted what he did. He wished he could turn back the time and listened to what his only friend ever said.

image source: www.gwenburn.co.uk

Do You Understand?

There are three main parts, and another one, in a narrative text:

  • The first part is called orientation. In this part, you tell the readers about the main character of the story and his or her condition (happy, sad, poor, rich, etc.), where the story took place, and when it happened. This part always comes in the first paragraph. As in the story of The Lonely Rabbit, the rabbit is the main character.
  • The second part is called complication. This is where you tell the problem which arises in the story. For example, when the rabbits wanted to fly and asked the parrot to teach him, that is the problem of the story.
  • The third part is called resolution. This is where you tell the readers how the problem is solved. In the rabbit story, the rabbit tried to fly but he failed and ended up injured himself. That is how the problem is solved although it doesn’t end with a happy result, but it is how the story ends.
  • In writing narrative story you might also want to add re-orientation. This is optional. This is the part where you can add closing statement or give moral value, because a narrative text should have a moral value.

Key Points

Furthermore, there are several things you should note about writing a narrative text:
* In writing narrative text you should use past tense.
* A narrative text usually starts with adverb of time such as: once upon a time, a long time ago, etc.
* You can add dialogues in direct speech form (e.g. “What are you doing?” asked the parrot.)

Lets Practice!

Soal 1

A narrative text is mainly written in ....

a. Past tense
b. Future tense
c. Present tense
d. Future perfect
e. Present perfect

  • Petunjuk: The story happened in the past.
  • Pembahasan: The tense used in a narrative text is past tense. Narrative stories tell about events, conditions, that happened in the past. To show this, using past tense is the most appropriate way to write a narrative text.

Soal 2

We write a narrative text to ....

a. amuse the readers
b. describe something
c. tell about future events
d. explain how things work
e. tell how to do something

  • Petunjuk: The basic purpose of narrative
  • Pembahasan: A narrative text is aimed to amuse the readers. It means that the story is entertaining the readers. Although the genre is sad, it still can entertain readers in terms of taking readers away to the imagination of the writer. The plot, nature of the characters and setting are all the elements that can entertain readers.

Soal 3

The part where the problem arises is called ....

a. Resolution
b. Orientation
c. Description
d. Complication
e. Re-orientation

  • Petunjuk: The part in which there is a conflict.
  • Pembahasan: The part where the problem happens is called complication. A complication contains conflicts. Conflicts can appear in many forms and many ways, such as conflicts between characters (external conflicts) or conflicts within an individual (internal conflicts).

Soal 4

The part where you can add moral value is called ....

a. Crisis
b. Resolution
c. Orientation
d. Complication
e. Re-orientation

  • Petunjuk: This part is optional
  • Pembahasan: You can add moral value to the story in re-orientation part. This is usually placed at the end of a story. Story ending is contained in re-orientation, including the moral value.

Soal 5

These adverbs of time can be used to open a narrative, except ....

a. Once
b. One day
c. Next year
d. Long time ago
e. Once upon a time

  • Petunjuk: The story happened in the past.
  • Pembahasan: The adverbs of time which doesn’t indicate past event is “next year”. Although what you mean is the following year, in writing a narration, use the year after or the following year to keep the context in the past. Beware of choosing the right adverbs of time.

Soal 6

The following things are there in the orientation part except ....

a. The solution of the problem
b. The condition of character’s life
c. The time when the story happened
d. The place where the story took place
e. The introduction of the main character

  • Petunjuk: Orientation is the opening of the story which tells introduction.
  • Pembahasan: The solution of the problem comes in the resolution part. This is where problem solving takes place. The solution usually comes after the climax or peak of a problem.

Soal 7

Arrange these sentences into a good paragraph:

  1. Every day she came to a river bank to read a book.
  2. There once a pretty little girl who lived in a village.
  3. The old lady didn’t have anything to eat.
  4. One day, she met an old lady near sleeping the river.
  5. She looked so pale that the girl felt pity for her.

a. 2-1-3-4-5
b. 2-1-4-5-3
c. 2-1-5-3-4
d. 2-1-5-4-3
e. 2-1-4-3-5

  • Petunjuk: The story is about a little girl who met an old lady.
  • Pembahasan: The correct arrangement is: “There once a pretty little girl who lived in a village (2). Every day she came to a river bank to read a book (1). One day, she met an old lady near sleeping the river (4). She looked so pale that the girl felt pity for her (5). The old lady didn’t have anything to eat.” (3)

Soal 8

The following text is for questions no 8 to 10.

Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.

Days passed away and his father . . . (8) being ill. He had to leave the city in go back to the village to take care of his father. He was afraid of losing his father. This is where he . . . his mind (9). He didn’t want to go back to the city anymore. Since he left the village his father lived alone. No one . . . (10) care of him.

The correct word to fill in the blank no 8 is ....

a. start
b. starts
c. started
d. will start
e. have started

  • Petunjuk: The action happened in the past.
  • Pembahasan: The past form of start is started.

Soal 9

The following text is for questions no 8 to 10.

Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.

Days passed away and his father . . . (8) being ill. He had to leave the city in go back to the village to take care of his father. He was afraid of losing his father. This is where he . . . his mind (9). He didn’t want to go back to the city anymore. Since he left the village his father lived alone. No one . . . (10) care of him.

The correct word to fill in the blank no 9 is ....

a. left
b. lost
c. ended
d. changed
e. stopped

  • Petunjuk: He thought differently.
  • Pembahasan: “He didn’t want to go back to the city anymore” indicates that he changed his mind.

Soal 10

The following text is for questions no 8 to 10.

Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.

Days passed away and his father . . . (8) being ill. He had to leave the city in go back to the village to take care of his father. He was afraid of losing his father. This is where he . . . his mind (9). He didn’t want to go back to the city anymore. Since he left the village his father lived alone. No one . . . (10) care of him.

The suitable word to complete the paragraph is ....

a. took
b. asked
c. saved
d. looked
e. wanted

  • Petunjuk: Take after
  • Pembahasan: His father lived alone. No one took care of him.